Tag Archives: PECR

August 8, 2018 · 9:13 am

GDPR doesn’t always mean “opt in”

TL;DR – the law says that when you’re buying something from them companies only have to offer you an opt out from marketing. GDPR hasn’t changed this.

I see a lot of criticism of companies on social media by people who accuse the former of not complying with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Here’s an example:

But the criticism is generally misguided. GDPR does not itself deal directly with direct marketing (other than to provide for an unqualified right to opt out of it (at Article 21(3)) and a statement in one of the recitals to the effect that the processing of personal data for the purposes of direct marketing may be regarded as carried out for a legitimate interest).

The operative law in the UK regarding electronic direct marketing is, and remains, The Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (which implement a 2002 European Directive).

These provide that one cannot send direct marketing to an individual subscriber* by unsolicited “electronic mail” (which these days largely boils down to email and SMS) unless the recipient has consented or unless the sender

has obtained the contact details of the recipient of that electronic mail in the course of the sale or negotiations for the sale of a product or service to that recipient…the direct marketing is in respect of that person’s similar products and services only…and the recipient has been given a simple means of refusing (free of charge except for the costs of the transmission of the refusal) the use of his contact details for the purposes of such direct marketing, at the time that the details were initially collected, and, where he did not initially refuse the use of the details, at the time of each subsequent communication.

In plain language, this means that when you buy, or enter into negotiations to buy, a product or service from someone, the seller only has to offer an “opt out” option for subsequent electronic marketing. Nothing in GDPR changes this.

*”individual subscriber” means the person who is a party to a contract with a provider of public electronic communications services for the supply of such services- in effect, this is likely to be someone using their personal email address, and not a work one).

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

1 Comment

Filed under consent, Data Protection, GDPR, marketing, PECR

Tagged as ,

February 6, 2018 · 8:12 pm

Rennard, the facts

Has the former LibDem Campaigns guru been engaging in unsolicited electronic marketing?

If I want to market my product or service to you as an individual, the general rule is that I cannot do so by email unless I have your prior consent informing me that you wish to receive it. This applies to me (if, say, I’m promoting this blog by email), it applies to any business, it applies to political parties, and it also applies to Baron Rennard of Wavertree, when he is promoting his new memoirs. However, a recent media story about the Lord Rennard’s promotional activities suggests he may not be aware of his legal obligations here, and for someone who has held senior roles within the Liberal Democrats, someone renowned as a “formidable and widely respected practitioner of political campaigning”, this is rather concerning.

The law (regulation 22 of the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (as amended)) outlaws the sending of unsolicited email marketing to individuals, unless the recipient has previously consented to receive the marketing (the exception to the general rule is that email marketing can be sent if the sender has obtained the recipient’s email address “in the course of the sale or negotiations for the sale of a product or service to that recipient” and if it is explained to the recipient that they can opt out – this is often known as the “soft opt-in“).

Lord Rennard is reported as saying

I have emailed people from my address book, or using publicly available email addresses, about the publication of a volume of memoirs

But just because one already holds someone’s email address, or just because an email address is in the public domain, this does not justify or permit the sending of unsolicited marketing. The European Directive which the PEC Regulations implement makes clear that people have a right to respect for their correspondence within the context of electronic communications, and that this right is a part of the fundamental rights to respect for protection of personal data, and respect for a private and family life. It may be a lot to expect the average person sending an email promoting a book to know this, but when the sender is someone whose reputation is in part based on his skills as a political campaigner, we should surely expect better (I say “in part” because, of course, the Lord Rennard is known for other things as well).

At a time when the use of digital data for political campaigning purposes is under intense scrutiny, it will be interesting to see what the Information Commissioner (who is said to be investigating Rennard’s marketing exercise) says. It might not seem the most serious of issues, but it encapsulates a lot.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

Leave a comment

Filed under consent, Information Commissioner, marketing, PECR

Tagged as , , ,

January 22, 2018 · 6:34 pm

On the breach

Failure to notify the ICO in a timely manner of a personal data breach under PECR carries a £1000 fixed penalty notice – why not something similar under wider data protection law?

When the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (“PECR”) were amended in 2011 to implement the Citizens’ Rights Directive, an obligation was placed upon providers of a public electronic communications service  (“service providers”) to notify personal data breaches to the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) “without undue delay”, and in 2013 article 2(2) of European Commission Regulation 611/2013 provided , in terms, that “without undue delay” would mean “no later than 24 hours after the detection of the personal data breach, where feasible”. The 2011 amendment regulations also gave the ICO the power to serve a fixed penalty notice of £1000 on a service provider which failed to comply with notification obligations.

Thus it was that in 2016 both EE and Talk Talk were served with such penalties, with the latter subsequently unsuccessfully appealing to the Information Tribunal, and thus it was that, last week, SSE Energy Supply were served with one. The SSE notice is interesting reading – the personal data breach in question (defined in amended regulation 2 of PECR as “a breach of security leading to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed in connection with the provision of a public electronic communications service”) consisted solely of the sending of one customer email (containing name and account number) to the wrong email address, and it appears that it was reported to the ICO two days after SSE realised (so, effectively, 24 hours too late). If this appears harsh, it is worth noting that the ICO has discretion over whether to impose the penalty or not, and, in determining that she should, the Commissioner took into account a pour encourager les autres argument that

the underlying objective in imposing a monetary penalty is to promote compliance with PECR. The requirement to notify…provides an important opportunity…to assess whether a service provider is complying with its obligations under PECR…A monetary penalty in this case would act as a general encouragement towards compliance…

As any fule kno, the looming General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) expands to all data controllers this obligation to notify the ICO of qualifying personal data breaches. Under GDPR the definition is broadly similar to that in PECR (“a breach of security leading to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed”) and a breach qualifies for the notification requirements in all cases unless it is “unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons”. Under GDPR, the window for notification is 72 hours.

But under GDPR, and under the Data Protection Bill currently in Parliament, there is no provision for similar fixed penalty notices for notification failures (although, of course, a failure to notify a breach could constitute a general infringement under article 83, attracting a theoretical non-fixed maximum fine of €10m or 2% of global annual turnover). Is Parliament missing a trick here? If the objective of the PECR fixed penalty notice is to promote compliance with PECR, then why not a similar fixed penalty notice to promote compliance with wider data protection legislation? In 2016/17 the ICO received 1005 notifications by service providers of PECR breaches (up 63% on the previous year) and analysing/investigating these will be no small task. The figure under GDPR will no doubt be much higher, but that is surely not a reason not to provide for a punitive fixed penalty scheme for those who fail to comply with the notification requirements (given what the underlying objective of notification is)?

I would be interested to know if anyone is aware of discussions on this, and whether, as it reaches the Commons, there is any prospect of the Data Protection Bill changing to incorporate fixed penalties for notification failures.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

Leave a comment

Filed under Breach Notification, Data Protection, Data Protection Bill, enforcement, GDPR, Information Commissioner, monetary penalty notice, PECR

Tagged as , , ,

June 23, 2017 · 7:30 pm

Public houses, private comms

Wetherspoons delete their entire customer email database. Deliberately.

In a very interesting development, the pub chain JD Wetherspoon have announced that they are ceasing sending monthly newsletters by email, and are deleting their database of customer email addresses.

Although the only initial evidence of this was the screenshot of the email communication (above), the company have confirmed to me on their Twitter account that the email is genuine.

Wetherspoons say the reason for the deletion is that they feel that email marketing of this kind is “too intrusive”, and that, instead of communicating marketing by email, they will “continue to release news stories on [their] website” and customers will be able to keep up to date by following them on Facebook and Twitter.

This is interesting for a couple of reasons. Firstly, companies such as Flybe and Honda have recently discovered that an email marketing database can be a liability if it is not clear whether the customers in question have consented to receive marketing emails (which is a requirement under the Privacy and Electronic Communications ((EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (PECR)). In March Flybe received a monetary penalty of £70,000 from the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) after sending more than 3.3 million emails with the title ‘Are your details correct?’ to people who had previously told them they didn’t want to receive marketing emails. These, said the ICO, were themselves marketing emails, and the sending of them was a serious contravention of PECR. Honda, less egregiously, sent 289,790 emails when they did not know whether or not the recipients had consented to receive marketing emails. This also, said ICO, was unlawful marketing, as the burden of proof was on Honda to show that they had recipients’ consent to send the emails, and they could not. The result was a £13,000 monetary penalty.

There is no reason to think Wetherspoons were concerned about the data quality (in terms of whether people had consented to marketing) of their own email marketing database, but it is clear from the Flybe and Honda cases that a bloated database with email details of people who have not consented to marketing (or where it is unclear whether they have) is potentially a liability under PECR (and related data protection law). It is a liability both because any marketing emails sent are likely to be unlawful (and potentially attract a monetary penalty) but also because, if it cannot be used for marketing, what purpose does it serve? If none, then it constitutes a huge amount of personal data, held for no ostensible purpose, which would be in contravention of the fifth principle in schedule 1 to the Data Protection Act 1998.

For this reason, I can understand why some companies might take a commercial and risk-based decision not to retain email databases – if something brings no value, and significant risk, then why keep it?

But there is another reason Wetherspoons’ rationale is interesting: they are clearly aiming now to use social media channels to market their products. Normally, one thinks of advertising on social media as not aimed at or delivered to individuals, but as technology has advanced, so has the ability for social media marketing to become increasingly targeted. In May this year it was announced that the ICO were undertaking “a wide assessment of the data-protection risks arising from the use of data analytics”. This was on the back of reports that adverts on Facebook were being targeted by political groups towards people on the basis of data scraped from Facebook and other social media. Although we don’t know what the outcome of this investigation by the ICO will be (and I understand some of the allegations are strongly denied by entities alleged to be involved) what it does show is that stopping your e-marketing on one channel won’t necessarily stop you having privacy and data protection challenges on another.

And that’s before we even get on to the small fact that European ePrivacy law is in the process of being rewritten. Watch that space.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

Leave a comment

Filed under consent, Data Protection, marketing, monetary penalty notice, PECR, social media, spam

Tagged as , ,

February 9, 2017 · 12:55 pm

Why what Which did wears my patience thin

Pre-ticked consent boxes and unsolicited emails from the Consumers’ Association

Which?, the brand name of the Consumers’ Association, publishes a monthly magazine. In an era of social media, and online reviews, its mix of consumer news and product ratings might seem rather old-fashioned, but it is still (according to its own figures1) Britain’s best-selling monthly magazine. Its rigidly paywalled website means that one must generally subscribe to get at the magazine’s contents. That’s fair enough (although after my grandmother died several years ago, we found piles of unread, unopened even, copies of Which? She had apparently signed up to a regular Direct Debit payment, probably to receive a “free gift”, and had never cancelled it: so one might draw one’s own conclusion about how many of Which?’s readers are regular subscribers for similar reasons).

In line with its general “locked-down” approach, Which?’s recent report into the sale of personal data was, except for snippets, not easy to access, but it got a fair bit of media coverage. Intrigued, I bit: I subscribed to the magazine. This post is not about the report, however, although the contents of the report drive the irony of what happened next.

As I went through the online sign-up process, I arrived at that familiar type of page where the subject of future marketing is broached. Which? had headlined their report “How your data could end up in the hands of scammers” so it struck me as amusing, but also irritating, that the marketing options section of the sign-in process came with a pre-ticked box:

img_0770

As guidance from the Information Commissioner’s Office makes clear, pre-ticked boxes are not a good way to get consent from someone to future marketing:

Some organisations provide pre-ticked opt-in boxes, and rely on the user to untick it if they don’t want to consent. In effect, this is more like an opt-out box, as it assumes consent unless the user clicks the box. A pre-ticked box will not automatically be enough to demonstrate consent, as it will be harder to show that the presence of the tick represents a positive, informed choice by the user.

The Article 29 Working Party goes further, saying in its opinion on unsolicited communications for marketing purposes that inferring consent to marketing from the use of pre-ticked boxes is not compatible with the data protection directive. By extension, therefore, any marketing subsequently sent on the basis of a pre-ticked box will be a contravention of the data protection directive (and, in the UK, the Data Protection Act 1998) and the ePrivacy directive (in the UK, the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (PECR)).

Nothwithstanding this, I certainly did not want to consent to receive subsequent marketing, so, as well as making a smart-arse tweet, I unticked the box. However, to my consternation, if not my huge surprise, I have subsequently received several marketing emails from Which? They do not have my consent to send these, so they are manifestly in contravention of regulation 22 of PECR.

It’s not clear how this has happened. Could it be a deliberate tactic by Which?  to ignore subscribers’ wishes? One presumes not: Which? says it “exists to make individuals as powerful as the organisations they deal with in their daily live” – deliberately ignoring clear expressions regarding consent would hardly sit well with that mission statement. So is it a general website glitch – which means that those expressions are lost in the sign-up process? If so, how many individuals are affected? Or is it just a one-off glitch, affecting only me?

Let’s hope it’s the last. Because the ignoring or overriding of expressions of consent, and the use of pre-ticked boxes for gathering consent, are some of the key things which fuel trade in and disrespect for personal data. The fact that I’ve experience this issue with a charity which exists to represent consumers, as a result of my wish to read their report into misuse of personal data, is shoddy, to say the least.

I approached Which? for a comment, and a spokesman said:

We have noted all of your comments relating to new Which? members signing up, including correspondence received after sign-up, and we are considering these in relation to our process.

I appreciate the response, although I’m not sure it really addresses my concerns.

1Which? Annual Report 2015/2016

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

1 Comment

Filed under consent, Data Protection, Directive 95/46/EC, Information Commissioner, marketing, PECR, spam, subject access

Tagged as , , , ,

November 22, 2016 · 5:49 pm

Don’t be so soft

What’s behind the increasing practice of electronic receipts?

I’m good at a few things in life, OK at a few more, and pretty terrible at a lot. Into the last category falls car maintenance. Nonetheless, as a safety-conscious person I understand its importance. And so it was that I found myself in a local branch of a major retailer of car parts the other day buying a replacement headlamp bulb, and asking for it to be fitted (by the very helpful Louise – sorry Louise, I won’t be submitting the online customer feedback, for reasons which will probably become clear in this post). I paid for the service, and was then asked

Can I just have your email address to send the receipt?

Er, no.

I’d heard about this practice, but, oddly, this was the first time I’d encountered it. It was immediately obvious to me what was going on, or at least what I assumed was/is going on, but I thought it might be helpful to draw attention to it.

The law (regulation 22 of the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (as amended)) outlaws the sending of unsolicited email marketing to individuals, unless the recipient has previously consented to receive the marketing. As much as this law is regularly flouted, it is both clear and strict. It is, however, subject to an important caveat – email marketing can be sent if the sender has obtained the recipient’s email address “in the course of the sale or negotiations for the sale of a product or service to that recipient”.

This is known as the “soft opt-in” and it seems clear to me that the practice of sending e-receipts is tied up with the gathering of email addresses for the purposes of sending marketing using the soft opt-in provisions. As much as we might be told how helpful it is for our own records management to have electronic copies of receipts, there is something in it for retailers, and that something is the perceived right to send electronic marketing.

I should add, though, that soft opt-in is subject to further qualifications – the marketing must be in respect of “similar products and services only”, and, crucially, at the point when the contact details are collected, the intended recipient must be given the chance to say “no” to the marketing. (See the guidance from the Information Commissioner’s Office for further details).

I wasn’t given the chance to say “no”, but I chose not to give my details. If I had given those details, and if I had then received email marketing, it would have been sent unlawfully. I would have known that, but a lot of people wouldn’t, and, importantly, it’s quite difficult to prove (or remember) whether one was given “a simple means of refusing” marketing at the time the sale was made. So it’s a relatively low-risk tactic for marketers.

So my advice is to say no to e-receipts, demand a paper one, and if you do want to retain a record, why not just photograph the receipt when you get home?

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

1 Comment

Filed under consent, marketing, PECR

Tagged as , ,

June 28, 2015 · 12:00 pm

What does it take to stop Lib Dems spamming?

Lib Dems continue to breach ePrivacy law, ICO still won’t take enforcement action.

It’s not difficult: the sending of unsolicited marketing emails to me is unlawful. Regulation 22 of The Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (PECR) and by extension, the first and second principles in Schedule One of the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) make it so. The Liberal Democrats have engaged in this unlawful practice – they know and the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) know it, because the latter recently told the former that they have, and told me in turn

I have reviewed your correspondence and the [Lib Dem’s] website, and it appears that their current practices would fail to comply with the requirements of the PECR. This is because consent is not knowingly given, clear and specific….As such, we have written to the organisation to remind them of their obligations under the PECR and ensure that valid consent is obtained from individuals

But the ICO has chosen not to take enforcement action, saying to me in an email of 24th April

enforcement action is not taken routinely and it is our decision whether to take it. We cannot take enforcement action in every case that is reported to us

Of course I’d never suggested they take action in every case – I’d requested (as is my right under regulation 32 of PECR) that they take action in this particular case. The ICO also asked for the email addresses I’d used; I gave these over assuming it was for the purposes of pursuing an investigation but no, when I later asked the ICO they said they’d passed them to the Lib Dems in order that they could be suppressed from the Lib Dem mailing list. I could have done that if I wanted to. It wasn’t the point and I actually think the ICO were out of order (and contravening the DPA themselves) in failing to tell me that was the purpose.

But I digress. Failure to comply with PECR and the DPA is rife across the political spectrum and I think it’s strongly arguable that lack of enforcement action by the ICO facilitates this. And to illustrate this, I visited the Lib Dems’ website recently, and saw the following message

Untitled

Vacuous and vague, I suppose, but I don’t disagree, so I entered an email address registered to me (another one I reserve for situations where I fear future spamming) and clicked “I agree”. By return I got an email saying

Friend – Thank you for joining the Liberal Democrats…

Wait – hold on a cotton-picking minute – I haven’t joined the bloody Liberal Democrats – I put an email in a box! Is this how they got their recent, and rather-hard-to-explain-in-the-circumstances “surge” in membership? Am I (admittedly using a pseudonym) now registered with them as a member? If so, that raises serious concerns about DPA compliance – wrongly attributing membership of a political party to someone is processing of sensitive personal data without a legal basis.

It’s possible that I haven’t yet been registered as such, because the email went on to say

Click here to activate your account

When I saw this I actually thought the Lib Dems might have listened to the ICO – I assumed that if I didn’t (I didn’t) “click here” I would hear no more. Not entirely PECR compliant, but a step in the right direction. But no, I’ve since received an email from the lonely Alistair Carmichael asking me to support the Human Rights Act (which I do) but to support it by joining a Lib Dem campaign. This is direct marketing of a political party, I didn’t consent to it, and it’s sending was unlawful.

I’ll report it to the ICO, more in hope than expectation that they will do anything. But if they don’t, I think they have to accept that a continuing failure to take enforcement against casual abuse of privacy laws is going to lead to a proliferation of that abuse.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with..

2 Comments

Filed under consent, Data Protection, enforcement, Information Commissioner, marketing, PECR, spam

Tagged as , ,

May 1, 2015 · 6:52 am

Shameless

Only very recently I wrote about how the Liberal Democrats had been found by the Information Commissioner’s Officer (ICO) to have been in breach of their obligations under anti-spam laws (or, correctly, the ICO had determined it was “unlikely” the Lib Dems had complied with the law). This was because they had sent me unsolicited emails promoting their party without my consent, in contravention of the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (PECR). The ICO told me that “we have written to the organisation to remind them of their obligations under the PECR and ensure that valid consent is obtained from individuals”.

Well, the reminder hasn’t worked: today I went on the Lib Dem site and noticed the invitation to agree that “The NHS needs an extra £8bn”. Who could disagree? There was a box to enter my email address and “back our campaign”. Which campaign did they mean? Who knows? I assumed the campaign to promote NHS funding, but there was no privacy notice at all (at least on the mobile site). I entered an email address, because I certainly agree with a campaign that the NHS needs an extra £8bn pounds, but what I certainly didn’t do was consent to receive email marketing.

Untitled

But of course I did…within eight hours I received an email from someone called Olly Grender asking me to donate to the Lib Dems. Why on earth would I want to do that? And a few hours later I got an email from Nick Clegg himself, reiterating Olly’s message. Both emails were manifestly, shamelessly, sent in contravention of PECR, only a couple of weeks after the ICO assured me they were going to “remind” the Lib Dems of the law.

Surely the lesson is the same one the cynics have told us over the years – don’t believe what politicians tell you.

And of course, only this week there was a further example, with the notorious Telegraph “business leaders” letter. The open letter published by the paper, purporting to come from 5000 small business owners, had in fact been written by Conservative Campaign Headquarters, and signatories  were merely people who had filled in a form on the Conservative party website agreeing to sign the letter but who were informed in a privacy notice that “We will not share your details with anyone outside the Conservative Party”. But share they did, and so it was that multiple duplicate signatories, and signatories who were by no means small business owners, found their way into the public domain. Whether any of them will complain to the ICO will probably determine the extent to which this might have been a contravention, not of PECR (this wasn’t unsolicited marketing), but of the Data Protection Act 1998, and the Conservatives’ obligation to process personal data fairly and lawfully. But whatever the outcome, it’s another example of the abuse of web forms, and the harvesting of email addresses, for the promotion of party political aims.

I will be referring the Lib Dems matter back to the ICO, and inviting them again (they declined last time) to take enforcement action for repeat and apparently deliberate, or reckless, contraventions of their legal obligations under PECR.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

1 Comment

Filed under consent, Data Protection, Information Commissioner, marketing, PECR, privacy notice, spam

Tagged as , ,

April 24, 2015 · 1:44 pm

ICO finds Lib Dems in breach of ePrivacy law

A few months ago, when I entered my email address on the Liberal Democrats’ website to say that I agreed with the statement 

Girls should never be cut. We must end FGM

I hoped I wouldn’t subsequently receive spam emails promoting the party. However I had no way of knowing because there was no obvious statement explaining what would happen. But, furthermore, I had clearly not given specific consent to receive such emails.

Nonetheless, I did get them, and continue to do so – emails purportedly from Nick Clegg, from Paddy Ashdown and from others, promoting their party and sometimes soliciting donations.

I happen to think the compiling of a marketing database by use of serious and emotive subjects such as female genital mutilation is extraordinarily tasteless. It’s also manifestly unlawful in terms of Lib Dems’ obligations under the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (PECR), which require specific consent to have been given before marketing emails can be sent to individuals.

On the lawfulness point I am pleased to say the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) agrees with me. Having considered my complaint they have said:

I have reviewed your correspondence and the organisations website, and it appears that their current practices would fail to comply with the requirements of the PECR. This is because consent is not knowingly given, clear and specific….As such, we have written to the organisation to remind them of their obligations under the PECR and ensure that valid consent is obtained from individuals.

Great. I’m glad they agree – casual disregard of PECR seems to be rife throughout politics. As I’ve written recently, the Labour Party, UKIP and Plaid Cymru have also spammed my dedicated email account. But I also asked the ICO to consider taking enforcement action (as is my right under regulation 32 of PECR). Disappointingly, they have declined to do so, saying:

enforcement action is not taken routinely and it is our decision whether to take it. We cannot take enforcement action in every case that is reported to us

It’s also disappointing that they don’t say why this is their decision. I know they cannot take enforcement action in every case reported to them, which is why I requested it in this specific case.

However, I will be interested to see whether the outcome of this case changes the Lib Dems’ approach. Maybe it will, but, as I say, they are by no means the only offenders, and enforcement action by the ICO might just have helped to address this wider problem.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

8 Comments

Filed under consent, enforcement, Information Commissioner, marketing, PECR, spam, Uncategorized

Tagged as , , ,

April 19, 2015 · 10:39 am

Information Tribunal increases monetary penalty for company which made spam calls

The trouble with asking for a second opinion is it might be worse than the first one. Reactiv Media get an increased penalty after appealing to the tribunal.

In 2013 the First-tier Tribunal (Information Rights) (“FTT”) heard the first appeal against a monetary penalty notice (“MPN”) imposed by the Information Commissioner’s Office (“ICO”). One of the first things in the appeal (brought by the Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust) to be considered was the extent of the FTT’s jurisdiction when hearing such appeals – was it, as the ICO suggested, limited effectively only to allowing challenges on public law principles? (e.g. that the original decision was irrational, or failed to take relevant factors into account, or took irrelevant factors into account) or was it entitled to approach the hearing de novo, with the power to determine that the ICO’s discretion to serve an MPN had been exercised wrongly, on the facts? The FTT held that the latter approach (similar to the FTT’s jurisdiction in appeals brought under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA)) was the correct one, and, notably, it added the observation (at para. 39) that it was open to the FTT also to increase, as well as decrease, the amount of penalty imposed.

So, although an appeal to the FTT is generally a low-risk low-cost way of having the ICO’s decision reviewed, it does, in the context of MPNs served either under the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) or the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 (PECR), potentially carry the risk of an increased penalty. And this is precisely what happened when a direct marketing company called Reactiv Media recently appealed an ICO MPN. Reactiv Media bad been held to have made a large number of unsolicited telephone calls to people who had subscribed to the Telephone Preference Service (“TPS”) – the calls were thus in contravention of Reactiv Media’s obligations under regulation 21 of PECR. The ICO determined that this constituted a serious contravention of those obligations, and as some at least of those calls were of a kind likely to cause (or indeed had caused) substantial damage or substantial distress, an MPN of £50,000 was served, under the mechanisms of section 55 of the DPA, as adopted by PECR.

Upon appeal to the FTT, Reactiv Media argued that some of the infringing calls had not been made by them, and disputed that any of them had caused substantial damage or distress. However, the FTT, noting the ICO’s submission that not only had the MPN been properly served, but also that it was lenient for a company with a turnover of £5.8m (a figure higher than the one the ICO had initially been given to understand), held that not only was the MPN “fully justified” – the company had “carried on its business in conscious disregard of its obligations” – but also that the amount should be increased by 50%, to £75,ooo. One presumes, also, that the company will not be given a further opportunity (as they were in the first instance) to take advantage of an early payment reduction.

One is tempted to assume that Reactiv Media thought that an appeal to the FTT was a cheap way of having a second opinion about the original MPN. I don’t know if this is true, but it if is, it is a lesson to other data controllers and marketers that, after an appeal, they might find themselves worse off.

The views in this post (and indeed all posts on this blog) are my personal ones, and do not represent the views of any organisation I am involved with.

 

Leave a comment

Filed under Data Protection, Information Commissioner, Information Tribunal, marketing, monetary penalty notice, nuisance calls, PECR

Tagged as , , ,